What does a hardness test indicate in welding?

A hardness test in welding primarily indicates the strength of the welded joint. When evaluating the hardness, the focus is often on how well the weld can withstand applied forces or stresses. A weld that has an appropriate hardness level tends to be stronger and can better resist deformation and failure under load.

Hardness is linked to other mechanical properties such as tensile strength and toughness; therefore, it serves as an indirect measure of the strength of the joint. If the weld exhibits excessive hardness, it may be prone to brittleness, while insufficient hardness could indicate a weak weld that might fail under stress. Consequently, understanding hardness is crucial for ensuring that the weld meets the necessary strength requirements for its intended application.